Development of the internal electricity market in Europe

Member states of the European Union have similar electricity market architectures, but these markets are weakly integrated. There is great potential in improving the links among member state submarkets, making better use of existing grid infrastructure. While investments in grid bottlenecks are necessary, existing regulation is inadequate to ensure and coordinate cross-border transmission investments. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Electricity Journal, Vol.18, Issue 6status: publishe

Study of the interactions and dependencies of balancing markets, intraday trade and automatically activated reserves

Since the launch of electricity sector liberalisation in the EU, the creation of the Internal Electricity Market (IEM) has been high on the agenda of the European Commission (EC) and European energy regulators. Considerable effort has been put into integrating national electricity markets, prompting a number of successful regional initiatives. Balancing markets spanning national frontiers are an important step towards completing the IEM. Against this backdrop, the EC (DG TREN) commissioned this study with the purpose of deriving practical recommendations on the optimal design and effective implementation of cross-border balancing or real-time markets. To ensure the compatibility of marketoriented recommendations with the physical reality of interconnected power systems, the study was conducted by an integrated team of engineers and economists from Tractebel Engineering and the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (K.U. Leuven)

Load Shedding Schemes in Presence of DER

This poster presents a summary of issues related to load shedding schemes implementation in presence of DER. It discusses the question for Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) as well as for Under Voltage Load Shedding (UVLS). The first obvious inconvenience with load shedding schemes is their implementation at HV – MV sub-station level or at MV feeder level. This means that load shedding trips simultaneously load and generation, this is not a good option. Further, principles of operation can be affected in presence of DER. The poster considers how DER influences frequency control during emergency situations for different UFLS parameters. For this example the Baltic States power system was selected. The higher level of DER the lower instant value of underfrequency is observed. These results can be the base for conclusions and recommendations. The performances of UVLS are also evaluated. Detailed studies showed that whereas implementation of UVLS in public system is rather difficult with present schemes, it can become quite easy when implemented at domestic customer level. These developments constitute interesting elements for the future of power system. This is clearly a way for increasing reliability of supply as load shedding does no longer mean “zero voltage” at customer level